“Midianite Men, Merchants” (Gen 37:28): Linguistic, Literary, and Historical Perspectives

An important method of resolving contradictions in the Bible was developed by Saadia Gaon and Menasseh ben Israel based on the writings of Aristotle. It is rooted in the insight that failure to recognize linguistic ambiguity is a common source of apparent contradiction—in the Bible as elsewhere. In...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Steiner, Richard C. 1945- (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
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Published: Brill 2023
In: Vetus Testamentum
Year: 2023, Volume: 73, Issue: 1, Pages: 82-131
Standardized Subjects / Keyword chains:B Aristoteles 384 BC-322 BC / Seʿadyah, Gaʾon 882-942 / Caravan / Merchant / Bible. Genesis 37,28
IxTheo Classification:HB Old Testament
HD Early Judaism
HH Archaeology
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Summary:An important method of resolving contradictions in the Bible was developed by Saadia Gaon and Menasseh ben Israel based on the writings of Aristotle. It is rooted in the insight that failure to recognize linguistic ambiguity is a common source of apparent contradiction—in the Bible as elsewhere. In the case of the apparent Ishmaelite/Midianite contradiction, the crucial ambiguity—overlooked by critics of all persuasions—is syntactic. There is a second syntactic reading of וַיַּעַבְרוּ אֲנָשִׁים מִדְיָנִים סֹחֲרִים that eliminates the contradiction and solves other problems, leaving only a lack of uniformity. For the latter, there are three literary explanations, which complement each other. They involve (1) stylistic variation, (2) subjective perspective (based on the historical context), and (3) keywords and foreshadowing.
ISSN:1568-5330
Contains:Enthalten in: Vetus Testamentum
Persistent identifiers:DOI: 10.1163/15685330-bja10082